|
|
| (5 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| − | '''Mobile TV Networks'''
| + | A simulator to emulate concurrent broadcasting of multiple video streams. |
| | | | |
| − | Mobile TV allows users to watch their favorite TV shows and games on small hand-held devices while
| + | == Requirements == |
| − | traveling. It, therefore, extends the Prime Time viewing of users and provides more business opportunities
| |
| − | for content providers. The market for mobile TV is huge: it is expected to grow to up to 20 billion Euros
| |
| − | with 500 million customers by 2011[http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/08/451&format=PDF]. In fact, mobile TV has already been deployed in parts of Europe and Asia and in pilot-testing in several locations in North and South Americas [http://www.dvb-h.org/ (official DVB-H site)]. This rapid adoption is fueled by the desire of users for multimedia content and by the technological advances in wireless mobile devices, such as personal digital assistants (PDAs), smart cellular phones, and mobile media players. Many of these devices have evolved to almost full-fledged mobile computers with high resolution displays, fast network links, large memory and storage space, and fast processors. Therefore, multimedia content can be rendered on most of these mobile devices, which further stimulates the user demands for more content and better quality.
| |
| | | | |
| − | We consider various quality-of-service metrics and propose efficient algorithms
| + | === Video Trace Files === |
| − | to maximize them in mobile TV networks. The considered metrics include: energy
| + | 4 mp4 video files. traces to be obtained from |
| − | saving, channel switching delay, and network utilization. For mobile TV users,
| |
| − | energy saving and channel switching delay are the two most important metrics.
| |
| − | This is because higher energy saving results in longer watch time, and longer
| |
| − | channel switching delay degrades view experience as many users quickly flip
| |
| − | through numerous TV channels before they decide to watch the specific ones.
| |
| − | For mobile TV network operators, network utilization is the most important
| |
| − | issue, because wireless spectrum is very expensive: often costs multi-million
| |
| − | dollars. We have proposed several algorithms to: (i) maximize energy saving
| |
| − | on mobile devices, (ii) guarantee the switching delay from a TV channel to any
| |
| − | other channel is short, and (iii) maximize the number of channels concurrently
| |
| − | broadcast within a given wireless spectrum. We analytically analyze the
| |
| − | proposed algorithms and conduct extensive simulations to evaluate their
| |
| − | performance. Most importantly, we have also implemented a [http://www.cs.sfu.ca/~mhefeeda/Papers/mm08demo_abstract.pdf real mobile TV testbed] in
| |
| − | our Lab, which provides us a realistic platform for analyzing the performance
| |
| − | of the proposed broadcast schemes. The mobile TV testbed has two parts: a
| |
| − | commodity Linux box as the base station and several smart phones as receivers.
| |
| − | Our simulation and experimental results indicate that the proposed broadcast
| |
| − | schemes are: (i) optimal/near-optimal, (ii) efficient and scalable, and (iii)
| |
| − | practical for real mobile TV networks.
| |
| | | | |
| − | == People == | + | === Major GUI items === |
| | + | * Embedded player |
| | + | * Channel Switching widget |
| | + | * deltaT slider |
| | + | * Bandwidth selector |
| | + | * Algorithm selector |
| | + | * Animated, colourful burst train |
| | + | * Usual GUI even handling |
| | | | |
| − | * [http://www.cs.sfu.ca/~mhefeeda/ Mohamed Hefeeda] | + | === Network Parameters === |
| | + | * BANDWIDTH: option to select MOD/CODE etc b/w should be calculated and displayed from table lookup |
| | | | |
| − | * [http://www.sfu.ca/~cha16/ ChengHsin Hsu (PhD student)]
| + | === Algorithms === |
| − | | + | * CURRENT: |
| − | * [http://www.cs.sfu.ca/~yliu1/ Yi Liu (MSc student)]
| + | * SMS: |
| − | | + | * SIMU: |
| − | * [http://www.cs.sfu.ca/~cly/ Cong Ly (MSc student)]
| + | * LATSB: |
| − | | |
| − | * Farid Molazem (MSc student)
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | == Publications ==
| |
| − | | |
| − | * F. Tabrizi, C. Hsu, J. Peters, and M. Hefeeda, [http://www.cs.sfu.ca/~mhefeeda/Papers/movid10.pdf Optimal Scalable Video Multiplexing in Mobile Broadcast Networks], In Proc. of ACM Workshop on Mobile Video Delivery (MoViD'10), in conjunction with ACM Multimedia 2010, 6 pages, Firenze, Italy, October 2010.
| |
| − | | |
| − | * C. Hsu and M. Hefeeda, [http://www.cs.sfu.ca/~mhefeeda/Papers/ton10_abr.pdf Broadcasting Video Streams Encoded with Arbitrary Bit Rates in Energy-Constrained Mobile TV Networks], ''IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking'', 18(3), pp. 681--694, June 2010.
| |
| − | | |
| − | * M. Hefeeda and C. Hsu, [http://www.cs.sfu.ca/~mhefeeda/Papers/ton10_burst.pdf On Burst Transmission Scheduling in Mobile TV Broadcast Networks], ''IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking'', 18(2), pp. 610--623, April 2010.
| |
| − | | |
| − | * C. Hsu and M. Hefeeda, [http://www.cs.sfu.ca/~mhefeeda/Papers/mmsys10_viewingTime.pdf Achieving Viewing Time Scalability in Mobile Video Streaming Using Scalable Video Coding], In Proc. of ACM Multimedia Systems (MMSys'10), pp. 111--122, Phoenix, AZ, February 2010.
| |
| − | | |
| − | * M. Hefeeda and C. Hsu, [http://www.cs.sfu.ca/~mhefeeda/Papers/ton09_burst.pdf On Burst Transmission Scheduling in Mobile TV Broadcast Networks], IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, Accepted July 2009.
| |
| − | | |
| − | * C. Hsu and M. Hefeeda, [http://www.cs.sfu.ca/~mhefeeda/Papers/mm09.pdf On Statistical Multiplexing of Variable-Bit-Rate Video Streams in Mobile Systems], In Proc. of ACM Multimedia 2009, Beijing, China, October 2009. Acceptance: 18%.
| |
| − | | |
| − | * Y. Liu, C. Hsu, and M. Hefeeda, [http://www.cs.sfu.ca/~mhefeeda/Papers/mm09-short.pdf On the Benefits of Cooperative Video Broadcast over WMANs and WLANs], In Proc. of ACM Multimedia 2009, short paper, Beijing, China, October 2009. Acceptance: 30%.
| |
| − | | |
| − | * C. Hsu and M. Hefeeda, [http://www.cs.sfu.ca/~mhefeeda/Papers/pv09b.pdf Multi-Layer Video Broadcasting with Low Channel Switching Delays], In Proc. of IEEE International Packet Video Workshop (PV'09), Seattle, WA, May 2009.
| |
| − | | |
| − | * C. Hsu and M. Hefeeda, [http://www.cs.sfu.ca/~mhefeeda/Papers/networking09.pdf Video Broadcasting to Heterogeneous Mobile Devices], In Proc. of IFIP Networking 2009, Aachen, Germany, May 2009. Published in Springer-Verlag Lecture Notes in Computer Science, LNCS 5550, pp. 600--613, 2009. Acceptance: 20%
| |
| − | | |
| − | * C. Hsu and M. Hefeeda, [http://www.cs.sfu.ca/~mhefeeda/Papers/infocom09.pdf Time Slicing in Mobile TV Broadcast Networks with Arbitrary Channel Bit Rates], In Proc. of IEEE INFOCOM 2009, pp. 2231--2239, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, April 2009. Acceptance: 20%
| |
| − | | |
| − | * C. Hsu and M. Hefeeda, [http://www.cs.sfu.ca/~mhefeeda/Papers/mmcn09.pdf Bounding Switching Delay in Mobile TV Broadcast Networks], In Proc. of ACM/SPIE Multimedia Computing and Networking Conference (MMCN'09), San Jose, CA, January 2009.
| |
| − | | |
| − | * M. Hefeeda, C. Hsu, and Y. Liu, [http://www.cs.sfu.ca/~mhefeeda/Papers/mm08demo_abstract.pdf Testbed and Experiments for Mobile TV (DVB-H) Networks], ACM Multimedia'08 Technical Demonstration, Vancouver, Canada, October 2008. [http://www.cs.sfu.ca/~mhefeeda/Papers/mm08DemoAward.pdf Best Demo Award]
| |
| − | | |
| − | * M. Hefeeda and C. Hsu, [http://www.cs.sfu.ca/~mhefeeda/Papers/innovations08.pdf Energy Optimization in Mobile TV Broadcast Networks], In Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Innovations in Information Technology (Innovations'08), pp. 430--434, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates, December 2008. Best Paper Award.
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | == Press Coverage ==
| |
| − | | |
| − | * July 1, 2009: Our mobile TV research is also featured in the July issue of the ACM Tech News: [http://technews.acm.org/archives.cfm?fo=2009-07-jul/jul-01-2009.html#418148 see article] or [[media:acmnews09.pdf| local PDF]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | * June 26, 2009: Our mobile TV project is featured on CTV News: [http://www.ctvbc.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20090625/bc_mobile_tv_090625/ see article] or [[media:ctv09.pdf | local PDF]] | |
| − | | |
| − | * June 15, 2009: Omni-TV featured Cheng and our mobile TV project (in Mandarin): [[media:omni09.mpg | local mpeg file]] | |
| − | | |
| − | * June 4, 2009: The mobile TV project is in World Journal News (in Mandarin): [http://van.worldjournal.com/printer_friendly/2667437# see article] or [[media:worldjournal09.pdf | local PDF]] | |
| − | | |
| − | * May 28, 2009: The mobile TV project is in SFU News: [http://www.sfu.ca/sfunews/news/story_05290909.shtml see article] or [[media:sfunews09.pdf | local PDF]] | |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | == Mobile TV (DVB-H) Testbed ==
| |
| − | | |
| − | We have implemented a complete end-to-end testbed for [http://www.dvb-h.org/ DVB-H (Digital Video Broadcast--Handheld)] networks. The testbed provides a realistic platform for analyzing
| |
| − | various aspects of these networks, including the energy saving
| |
| − | achieved by the time slicing mechanism, average channel switching
| |
| − | delay, network capacity in terms of number of TV channels that
| |
| − | can be broadcast, visual quality of TV channels transmitting different
| |
| − | types of video streams, information exchange and interactivity
| |
| − | between base station and receivers, among many others.
| |
| − | The details of testbeds and pilot networks created by companies are
| |
| − | usually not published, and the source code is not available. Thus
| |
| − | academic researchers designing algorithms and protocols for mobile
| |
| − | TV networks, including ourselves, had to resort to simulation
| |
| − | and/or theoretical analysis. To address this problem, we make the
| |
| − | details and source code of our testbed available to the research community.
| |
| − | | |
| − | The main components of our mobile TV testbed are shown in the following figure.
| |
| − | | |
| − | [[Image:MobileTV2.jpg|center|685px|Mobile TV Testbed]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | ''' Base Station.''' The base station is a Linux box (Intel Quad-Core Xeon E5420 (2.5 GHz) PC running Ubuntu Linux) in which we installed the RF signal modulator: Dektec DTA-110T DVB-T/H Modulator and UHF Upconverter for PCI Bus.
| |
| − | This modulator implements the physical layer of the protocol stack and transmits
| |
| − | DVB-H standard compliant signals via an indoor antenna. The RF
| |
| − | output level of the modulator, however, is quite low (-29 dBm)
| |
| − | and can only reach up to 1-meter broadcast range with a 6 dB receiver
| |
| − | antenna. Using a low-power amplifier, the RF signal can be
| |
| − | boosted to about 0 dBm, which gives us approximately 20-meter
| |
| − | range in our lab environment.
| |
| − | | |
| − | IP packets of the video streams are encapsulated in MPEs and FEC-coded using
| |
| − | an IP Encapsulator. In the initial setup, we adopt an
| |
| − | [http://amuse.ftw.at/downloads/encapsulator open-source IP Encapsulator], which
| |
| − | implements simple time slicing techniques. We extended that IP encapsulator to
| |
| − | support more sophisticated and optimal time slicing schemes. Recently, we have re-designed
| |
| − | the base station software to be well-structured
| |
| − | with defined interfaces in order to facilitate implementing and comparing
| |
| − | different current/future algorithms, including multimedia streaming and time slicing algorithms.
| |
| − | This new base station design follows multi-threaded paradigm, and can fully utilize
| |
| − | multi-processor systems, which is common nowadays. We continue improving
| |
| − | the base station implementation.
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''Receivers.''' We use the Nokia N92 and N96 device as receivers. These
| |
| − | devices are equipped with the receiver-side of the DVB-H protocol
| |
| − | and video player. The operating system on this device (Symbian)
| |
| − | provides several APIs, including APIs for measuring energy consumption.
| |
| − | While the N92 device helps in assessing the visual quality
| |
| − | of videos, it does not provide detailed logging functions of the
| |
| − | low-level signals, which are needed to evaluate the performance
| |
| − | of different protocols. To address this shortcoming, we added the
| |
| − | Divi Catch RF-T/H transport stream analyzer to the testbed. This analyzer
| |
| − | can be attached to a PC via a USB port. The analyzer records traffic
| |
| − | streams as well as provides a very detailed information on the RF
| |
| − | signal, the MPEs, jitter, time slicing, and so on. It also comes with
| |
| − | a visualization software that can run on the PC for analysis.
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | === Running Testbed ===
| |
| − | Running the test bed:
| |
| − | For running the testbed, we have two ways:
| |
| − | 1-Using Graphic user interface
| |
| − | 2-Using Linux commands
| |
| − | In following sections, those two ways have been explained:
| |
| − | | |
| − | Using Graphic user interface
| |
| − | | |
| − | Step 1: open internet browser (Firefox or IE)
| |
| − | | |
| − | Step 2: in the address bar, type
| |
| − | | |
| − | Step 3: select video file for some channels.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Step 4: click on Start Broadcast for broadcasting
| |
| − | | |
| − | Each green circle, shows the service whose name is written beside the circle is working
| |
| − | | |
| − | By this way, you can only see signals in Divicatch software, you should be able to watch the video by VLC player as well, but this service doesn’t work now. It means you can’t watch video with neither N96 nor N92.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Using Linux commands
| |
| − | | |
| − | Step1: Login to 142.58.185.186 (contact lab manager for username and password)
| |
| − | | |
| − | Step2: load the modulator card driver by:
| |
| − | | |
| − | /DVB-H$ sudo Dta1xxInit start
| |
| − | [sudo] password for user:
| |
| − | | |
| − | This can be skipped if the driver has already been loaded after the last reboot.
| |
| − | If you want to demo the video stream on Nokia N96 cell phone. Please do the following:
| |
| − | | |
| − | Step3: cd /home/{user}/demo/N96
| |
| − | | |
| − | Step4: ./runN96.sh
| |
| − | | |
| − | Now you are able to watch the TV program on N96 cell phone. In the mean time, you can track and trace the DVB-H stream on our DiviCatch USB analyzer with the frequency set to 690MHz
| |
| − | | |
| − | If you want to demo the video stream on Nokia N92 cell phone. Please do the following:
| |
| − | | |
| − | Step3: cd /home/{user}/demo/N92
| |
| − | | |
| − | Step4: ./runN92.sh
| |
| − | | |
| − | Now you are able to watch the TV program on N92 cell phone. In the mean time, you can track and trace the DVB-H stream on our DiviCatch USB analyzer with the frequency set to 562MHz
| |
| − | | |
| − | Running analyzer
| |
| − |
| |
| − | Step 1: Run DiviCatch 5.0 from the strart menu.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Step 2: in RF-T/H tab, set RF Frequency to proper value, for example if you used the instruction for N96 demo, you should set frequency to 690.000.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Step 3: Press Tune button.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Step 4: Now you are able to see broadcasted data in other tabs.
| |
| | | | |
| | + | === Performance Metrics === |
| | + | * ENERGY:Per channel overall |
| | + | * THROUGHPUT: SMS |
| | + | * SWITCHING DELAY: SIMU, LATSB |
| | | | |
| | + | [[TestApplet | TestApplet]] |
| | | | |
| | == Software == | | == Software == |
| Line 204: |
Line 37: |
| | | | |
| | === FATCAPS Based Implementation === | | === FATCAPS Based Implementation === |
| − |
| |
| − | We initially implemented our testbed on top of FATCAPS, which is an open source time slicer implementation. Several documents are listed in the following.
| |
| − |
| |
| − | * [[mobile_tv_testbed_software| Testcases abstracted in early 2008 ]]
| |
| − | * [[Time slicing in DVB-H | Setting up a base station using FATCAPS]]
| |
| − | * [[PSI_SI_DVB-H | Overview of PSI/SI]]
| |
| − | * [[ESG_DVB-H | Overview of Electronic Service Guide (ESG)]]
| |
| − | * [[FLUTE_DVB-H | Overview of FLUTE/ALC protocol]]
| |
| − | * [[Nokia S60 Platform battery monitor tool | Juice: an energy profiling tool ]]
| |
| − | * We have collected several MPEG-2 TS stream traces. These streams are compatible with recent Nokia handsets, such as N96. (We thank Abertis Telecom for providing us some of these traces. )
| |
| − | *# [http://nsl.cs.sfu.ca/traces/nokia/n96.ts Nokia stream #1]
| |
| − | *# [http://nsl.cs.sfu.ca/traces/nokia/nokia_ts.ts Nokia stream #2]
| |
| − | *# [http://nsl.cs.sfu.ca/traces/nokia/dvbh-tdt.ts Nokia stream #3]
| |
| − | * [[Private: implementing esg | Implementing ESG]]
| |
| − |
| |
| − |
| |
| − | === MTV Implementation ===
| |
| − |
| |
| − | We have implemented the software of DVB-H base stations called ''mtv''. We continue improving the base station implementation, and we list ongoing/future works in [[MobileTV Todo | this document]].
| |
| − |
| |
| − | === Demo Simultor ===
| |
| − | More details on [[Private:mtv_demo_simulator | this page]].
| |
| − |
| |
| − |
| |
| − | == Mobile TV Testbed for the ATSC - M/H Standard ==
| |
| − |
| |
| − | * [[Private: atsc | Design and Implementation of Testbed for ATSC - M/H Standard (login required)]]
| |
| − |
| |
| − |
| |
| − | == Discussion and Ideas ==
| |
| − |
| |
| − | * [[Private: mobile_tv_meeting_minutes | Meeting Minutes (login required)]]
| |
| − |
| |
| − | * [[Private:mobile_streaming_ideas|Underinvestigated ideas of streaming to mobile devices (login required)]]
| |
| − |
| |
| − | * [[Private:mediaflo|Research Ideas Related to MediaFLO (login required)]]
| |
| − |
| |
| − | * [[Private:mobile_tv_scalable| Scalable Video Transmission For Mobile TV (login required)]]
| |
| − |
| |
| − |
| |
| − | == References and Links ==
| |
| − |
| |
| − | * [http://www.openmobilevideo.com/about-mobile-dtv/standards/ ATSC Mobile DTV]
| |
| − |
| |
| − | * [http://www.dvb-h.org/ The official Mobile TV website maintained by the DVB Project Office.]
| |
| − |
| |
| − | * [http://projects.celtic-initiative.org/WING-TV/ Wing-TV Project:] Docs to test and to verify in detail the DVB-H specification.
| |
| − |
| |
| − | * [http://sp.cs.tut.fi/mobile3dtv/ Mobile 3DTV Content Delivery Optimization over DVB-H System] a three-year project partly funded by the European Union with the objective of demonstrating the viability of the new technology of mobile 3DTV. The project develops a technology demonstration system for the creation and coding of 3D video content, its delivery over DVB-H and display on a mobile device.
| |
| − |
| |
| − | * G. Gardikis, G. Xilouris, C. Skianis, [http://www.springerlink.com/content/a32p21815h46n12q/ Broadband multimedia on the move with DVB-H], Multimedia Tools and Applications, 36(1-2), January 2008. (DVB-H tutorial in inter-active mode.)
| |
| | | | |
| | * [http://limbos.wiki.sourceforge.net/ LIMBOS LInux setup for accessing Mobile Broadcasting through Online Streaming] | | * [http://limbos.wiki.sourceforge.net/ LIMBOS LInux setup for accessing Mobile Broadcasting through Online Streaming] |
| − |
| |
| − | * J. Wang, M. Venkatachalam, and Y. Fang, [http://www.fang.ece.ufl.edu/mypaper/jsac07wang.pdf System Architecture and Cross-Layer Optimization of Video Broadcast over WiMAX], IEEE JSAC 25(4), pp. 712--721, MAY 2007. (Check this special issue of JSAC as well.)
| |
| − |
| |
| − | * [http://www.mediaflo.com/mediaflo/index.html Media FLO Technology]
| |
| − |
| |
| − | * Q. Gao, M. Chari, A. Chen, F. Ling, and K. Walker, "[[media:GCCLK09.pdf|MediaFLO Technology: FLO Air Interface Overview]]": This book chapter explains why mediaFLO achieves short channel switching delay. MediaFLO employs 1-sec superframe and each MLC is transmitted as four bursts in every superframe. Therefore, when user switches the channel in superframe x, the receiver will get all the four bursts in superframe x+1, which takes 1 to 2 secs, where 1 is the best case and 2 is the worst case. This article also indicates that the time-frequency assignment need not be rectangle, which allows finer grained resource allocation and thus better statistical multiplexing gain. However, this paper does not address the relationship between energy saving and time-freq allocation. There is only one sentence saying that the receiving circuit should avoid modulating the symbols irrelevant to the current channel to save energy.
| |
| − |
| |
| − | * M. Chari, F. Ling, A. Mantravadi, R. Krishnamoorthi, R. Vijayan, G. Walker, and R. Chandhok, "[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=4114780&tag=1 FLO physical layer: An overview]", IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 145–160, March 2007.
| |
